In the late 13th century, Ramon Llull (also Raymond Lully, Raymond Lull, Raimundus or Raymundus Lullus, Raimundo Lulio) devised circles and tables divided in nine parts that combined religious and philosophical attributes. These were intended for use in converting Muslims to Christianity through logic and reason.

The first figure drew lines connecting each of the nine points on the circle to every other point.

The second figure, using three inner triangles, connected three groups of three points each.

The third figure is a table illustrating the connections between any two points.

The fourth figure consisted of three circles each with nine points. Each circle could be rotated so that the points lining up across the three circles could be changed.

Although there is no direct link to the Enneagram symbol as used today, Llull's work provides an early use of a nine part circle. Unlike Gurdjieff's use of a nine part symbol to explain a process, Llull's symbols were used to draw relationships between the attributes. Llull also used the letters B through K (omitting J) instead of the numbers 1 through 9.

You can see the original figures and text using the links below.

The Four Figures of Ars Generalis Ultima

• The First Figure
• The Second Figure
• The Third Figure
• The Fourth Figure